Backflow Prevention Practice Exam

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When installed, the air-inlet valve of an atmospheric vacuum breaker opens in response to which of the following?

Low water pressure
High atmospheric pressure
Gravity
Pressure differential

The correct answer is: Pressure differential

The air-inlet valve of an atmospheric vacuum breaker opens in response to a pressure differential. This device is designed to prevent backflow by allowing air to enter the system when there is a drop in pressure within the connected system. When the pressure inside the piping system falls below atmospheric pressure, the pressure differential causes the air-inlet valve to open, allowing air to enter and thus breaking any vacuum that might have formed. This action helps to ensure that contaminated water does not siphon back into the potable supply. Other factors, such as gravity and water pressure, may influence the operation of various components within plumbing systems, but for the specific functioning of the air-inlet valve, it is the pressure differential that is the crucial factor that leads to its opening.